What Is Ketoconazole Shampoo?
Ketoconazole shampoo is a medicated antifungal shampoo formulated to treat scalp conditions caused by fungal infections, such as dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, and psoriasis. It works by reducing the growth of Malassezia yeast, a fungus naturally present on the scalp that can trigger itching, flaking, and inflammation.
In Malaysia, Ketoconazole shampoo is available over the counter (OTC) or via doctor’s prescription, depending on its concentration level. The most common OTC version contains 1% Ketoconazole, while stronger formulations (2% or more) require a prescription from a dermatologist or doctor.
What Does Ketoconazole Shampoo Treat?
Ketoconazole shampoo can be used to manage a variety of scalp and skin conditions, including:
1. Dandruff & Seborrheic Dermatitis
The most popular use of Ketoconazole shampoo is to relieve chronic dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis.
These conditions often occur due to an overgrowth of Malassezia fungus, leading to flaky, itchy, and red scalp. Ketoconazole helps by reducing fungus and controlling inflammation, offering visible improvement within 2–4 weeks.
Common OTC brand: Nizoral Anti-Dandruff Shampoo (1%)
2. Psoriasis
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder that can cause thick, scaly plaques on the scalp.
Prescription-strength Ketoconazole (2%) can help reduce fungal infection, soothe the affected area, and manage flare-ups when used alongside medical treatment.
3. Tinea (Ringworm) Infections
Ketoconazole shampoo can also treat tinea capitis (scalp ringworm) and tinea versicolor (skin fungal infection).
These are contagious fungal conditions that may cause circular patches, itching, or hair loss.
Using Ketoconazole shampoo helps clear the infection and prevent it from spreading.
4. Hair Loss and Hair Thinning
Although primarily antifungal, some research suggests Ketoconazole shampoo may support hair growth or reduce hair loss caused by inflammation or fungal buildup on the scalp.
By keeping the scalp healthy, it creates an ideal environment for stronger hair growth — which is why some Malaysian hair specialists combine Ketoconazole shampoo with Minoxidil or PRP treatments for hair restoration.
Ketoconazole shampoo supports hair transplant recovery by keeping the scalp clean, reducing fungal growth, and minimizing inflammation—helping maintain healthy follicles and improve overall hair regrowth results post-surgery.
Types of Ketoconazole Shampoo Available in Malaysia
You can find several formulations of Ketoconazole shampoo in Malaysia, including both OTC and prescription versions:
| Type | Ketoconazole Concentration | Availability | Common Brands |
|---|---|---|---|
| OTC (Over-the-Counter) | 1% | Supermarkets, pharmacies, online stores | Nizoral 1%, Sebizole 1% |
| Prescription | 2% or higher | Requires doctor’s prescription | Ketozal, Ketozolin, Ket Med |
💡 Tip: Always consult a doctor before using 2% Ketoconazole shampoo, especially if you have sensitive scalp or existing medical skin conditions.
How to Use Ketoconazole Shampoo Properly
Follow these steps for effective results:
Wet your hair and scalp thoroughly.
Apply a small amount of Ketoconazole shampoo and massage it into your scalp to create lather.
Leave it on for 3–5 minutes before rinsing thoroughly with water.
Use a mild conditioner if your hair feels dry after washing.
Frequency of Use:
For dandruff: 2–3 times per week for the first 2–4 weeks.
For maintenance: Once weekly to prevent recurrence.
For fungal infections: Follow your doctor’s instructions (typically 2–4 weeks of regular use).
Avoid overusing the shampoo as it can dry out your scalp.
Possible Side Effects
Most people tolerate Ketoconazole shampoo well, but mild side effects may occur, including:
Dry or oily scalp
Mild irritation or redness
Temporary hair texture change
Loss of perm or curl
Slight hair shedding (rare)
If you experience severe itching, swelling, or difficulty breathing, stop using immediately and seek medical attention, as these may indicate an allergic reaction.
Who Should Avoid Ketoconazole Shampoo
⚠️ Ketoconazole shampoo may not be suitable for:
Pregnant or breastfeeding women (consult a doctor first)
Children under 12 years old (unless prescribed)
People with known allergies to antifungal medications
Always check the product label or ask your pharmacist if you are unsure.
Alternative Shampoos for Dandruff & Scalp Health
If Ketoconazole shampoo doesn’t fully control your symptoms, you can consider these alternatives or combine them under medical advice:
Coal tar shampoo – for stubborn psoriasis or dermatitis
Salicylic acid shampoo – helps remove flakes and scales
Pyrithione zinc shampoo – gentle anti-dandruff option
Tea tree oil shampoo – natural antifungal and soothing effect
Key Takeaway
Ketoconazole is a proven antifungal solution for managing dandruff, seborrheic dermatitis, psoriasis, and scalp fungal infections.
When used correctly, it helps reduce flakes, soothe inflammation, and restore scalp balance.
If you experience persistent symptoms after 4 weeks, consult a dermatologist or trichologist in Malaysia for further evaluation or alternative treatments such as PRP, Exosome therapy, or medical-grade scalp care.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Can I use Ketoconazole daily?
No. It’s best used 2–3 times a week, depending on the severity of your condition. Overuse may cause dryness or irritation.
2. How long does it take for Ketoconazole shampoo to work?
Most people see visible improvement in 2 to 4 weeks. Continue using it as recommended by your doctor for long-term control.
3. Can Ketoconazole help with hair loss?
It may help reduce inflammation and fungal buildup that contribute to hair loss, but it’s not a standalone hair regrowth treatment.
4. Is Ketoconazole safe for color-treated hair?
Yes, but it may cause slight fading with frequent use. Use a sulfate-free conditioner afterward to protect your color.
5. Where can I buy Ketoconazole shampoo in Malaysia?
You can purchase Nizoral 1% OTC at local pharmacies like Watsons, Guardian, or online stores (Shopee, Lazada).
For 2% versions such as Ketozal or Ket Med, a doctor’s prescription is required.