Cystic acne is a severe form of inflammatory acne that develops when pores become deeply clogged with oil, dead skin, and bacteria, forming painful cysts. It can appear on the face, back, chest, and shoulders, often leaving scars. Early professional care with topical, oral, and in-clinic treatments prevents long-term skin damage.
At GLOJAS Specialist Clinic, board-certified dermatologists and aesthetic specialists provide expert cystic acne care. Using evidence-based treatments—including topical retinoids, oral medications, and professional procedures—the clinic delivers safe, personalized solutions that reduce breakouts, prevent scarring, and restore smoother, healthier skin for long-lasting results.
What Is Cystic Acne?
Cystic acne is a severe acne type where pores become blocked with oil, dead skin, and bacteria, causing deep, inflamed cysts beneath the skin. These lesions can be tender, swollen, and may persist for weeks or months. If left untreated, cysts can leave lasting scars, pits, or dark spots.
Key Features:
Painful, tender, or itchy bumps
Can grow as large as a quarter
Often hidden beneath the skin without a visible head
May rupture, causing additional breakouts
Commonly appears on the face, back, chest, shoulders, neck, arms, and buttocks
Prevalence: Cystic acne affects approximately 15–20% of adolescents and young adults with severe acne, and men are more likely to develop deeper, inflammatory lesions than women. (American Academy of Dermatology – Cystic Acne Overview)
What Does Cystic Acne Look Like?
Cystic acne presents as large, red, and inflamed bumps that are sensitive to touch. Occasionally, a white or yellow head may appear, though many lesions remain under the skin. Healing cysts often leave scars such as dark spots, pits, or uneven texture.
What Causes Cystic Acne?
Cystic acne occurs when pores become deeply clogged, leading to inflammation. Risk factors include:
Hormonal Changes: Puberty, menstrual cycles, pregnancy, and menopause can increase oil production.
Genetics: A family history of severe acne increases susceptibility.
Medications: Steroids, lithium, and some birth control pills may exacerbate acne.
Cosmetics: Heavy, pore-clogging makeup and skincare products can contribute.
Humidity & Sweat: Hot, humid environments may block pores and trigger cysts.
Stress: Elevated cortisol levels can increase oil production and worsen inflammation.
Diet: High-glycemic foods, sugar, and sometimes dairy may influence breakouts.
Oily Environments: Exposure to airborne oils (e.g., in kitchens) can increase risk.
Important: Cystic acne is not caused by poor hygiene, chocolate, spicy foods, or sexual activity. Over-washing or scrubbing can irritate the skin and worsen acne.
Who Is at Risk?
Cystic acne most often affects teenagers and young adults, especially those with a family history of severe acne. Men typically experience more severe cases, while women may develop cysts on the lower face due to hormonal fluctuations.
How to Support Your Skin at Home
While professional care is essential, these steps can help reduce flare-ups:
Avoid popping cysts to prevent infection and scarring
Apply warm compresses to reduce pain and swelling
Follow a gentle skincare routine with mild cleansers
Keep hair and hands away from affected areas
Use oil-free, non-comedogenic skincare and makeup
Wear broad-spectrum sunscreen daily
Manage stress, maintain a balanced diet, sleep well, and exercise
Monitor dietary triggers, such as high-sugar foods
Why Professional Treatment Matters
Cystic acne rarely responds fully to over-the-counter products. Without medical care, it can lead to deep scarring, dark spots, and emotional distress. Early intervention with a dermatologist minimizes breakouts, prevents long-term damage, and improves both skin health and self-confidence.
How Is Cystic Acne Treated?
Topical Acne Treatments
Retinoids (adapalene, tretinoin) unclog pores
Antibiotics, benzoyl peroxide, azelaic acid, and salicylic acid reduce bacteria and inflammation
Over-the-counter products may worsen severe acne without guidance
Oral Medications
Antibiotics reduce inflammation and bacteria internally
Hormonal treatments (birth control pills, spironolactone) regulate acne-triggering hormones
Isotretinoin (Accutane) is highly effective but requires strict medical supervision
In-Clinic Procedures
Cortisone injections rapidly reduce swelling and discomfort
Chemical peels exfoliate and unclog pores
Photodynamic therapy targets excess oil and bacteria
Cyst drainage may be carefully performed to avoid scarring
Treating Acne Scars
Dermabrasion smooths the skin surface
Laser resurfacing removes damaged skin and promotes new cell growth
Radiofrequency resurfacing boosts collagen production for firmer, smoother skin
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. Can cystic acne go away on its own?
Mild cysts may subside, but severe cases often require treatment to prevent scarring.
2. Does cystic acne mean my skin is dirty?
No. It’s caused by hormones, genetics, and internal factors—not poor hygiene.
3. Is it safe to pop cystic pimples?
Never pop them; doing so increases infection risk and worsens scarring.
4. How is cystic acne different from nodular acne?
Cystic acne contains fluid or pus, while nodular acne is solid. Both can cause deep scars if untreated.
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not substitute professional medical advice. Always consult a licensed healthcare provider for personalized treatment options.